Building Materials Smoke Density Tester
In fire incidents, casualties are often caused by smoke inhalation or the inability to escape due to reduced visibility. Therefore, accurate measurement of smoke density is critical for fire prevention and safety evaluation.
The Building Materials Smoke Density Tester complies with the technical requirements of GB/T 8627-2007 and is designed to measure and describe the reaction of materials, products, and assemblies to heat and flame under controlled laboratory conditions.
It determines the static smoke production of building materials during combustion or thermal decomposition, providing essential data for fire hazard assessment and fire safety engineering.
Applications
The tester is used for:
(1) Smoke density testing of building materials during combustion or decomposition
(2) Fire performance evaluation of construction products and components
(3) Material selection and compliance verification for fire safety design
(4) Quality control and type testing in manufacturing and inspection laboratories
(5) Research and development related to fire behavior and smoke generation
Standards
The instrument complies with the following standards:
ASTM D2843 — Standard Test Method for Density of Smoke from the Burning or Decomposition of Plastics
GB/T 8627 — Test Method for Smoke Density of Building Materials during Combustion or Decomposition
Features
(1) Painted steel test chamber with corrosion-resistant and durable surface finish.
(2) Transparent tempered glass door for convenient observation during testing.
(3) Stainless steel specimen holder and specimen positioning templates.
(4) Light absorption measurement range: 0–100%, continuous measurement.
(5) Smoke density resolution: 0.1%.
(6) Smoke density measurement accuracy: ±3%.
(7) Equipped with a main burner and an auxiliary burner.
(8) Built-in exhaust fan for post-test smoke removal, exhaust capacity of 1700 L/min.
(9) Optical path length of 300 mm, located 480 mm above the base.
(10) Optical glass is easy to clean to maintain light transmission accuracy and reduce measurement deviation caused by smoke particle deposition.
(11) Silicon photodiode optical detection module with high stability and linear output, integrated with a signal amplifier.
(12) NI data acquisition system for real-time recording of light transmittance signals with a data acquisition interval of 1 second.
Technical Parameters
| Item | Specification |
|---|---|
| Power Supply | AC 220 V, 50 Hz, 3 A |
| Smoke Density Range | 0–100 % |
| Smoke Density Resolution | 0.1 % |
| Measurement Accuracy | ±3 % |
| Optical Path Length | 300 mm |
| Optical Height | 480 mm above base |
| Exhaust Capacity | 1700 L/min |
| Weight | Approx. 50 kg |
| Fuel Gas | Commercial propane, purity ≥85% (customer supplied) |
| Control System | Laptop + LabVIEW dedicated test software |
| Data Acquisition Interval | 1 s |
FAQ
(1) What does this tester measure?
It measures the static smoke density produced by building materials during combustion or thermal decomposition.
(2) Which materials can be tested?
Building materials, plastic components, and construction products specified under ASTM D2843 and GB/T 8627.
(3) How is smoke density detected?
Smoke density is calculated based on light transmission changes measured by a silicon photodiode optical system.
(4) Is the test process automated?
Yes. The system supports automatic timing, ignition, exhaust, optical calibration, data acquisition, calculation, and storage via LabVIEW software.
(5) Are test results stored and displayed?
Yes. Real-time curves, historical curves, numerical data, and stored test records can be displayed, queried, and saved on the computer.
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